Hog-dehairing machine.



L. A. KRAMER.

Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

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HOG DEHAIRJNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1917.

KRAMER.

Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

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In VEHLLOI.

L.A.KRAMER. HOG DEHAIRING MAGHINE. APPLIQATION HLED JUNE 22. 19W- Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

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LOUIS A.'KRAMER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HO G-DEHAIRING MACHINE.

remain.

Application filed June 22, 1917.

To all whom ii may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS A. KRAMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicage, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hog-Dehairing Machines; and I do hereby declare the :Eollov ing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to garcass-dehairing machines of the general class commonly used for the dehairing and cleaning of hogs, its general objects being to provide an unusually positive and efficient machine and one which will occupy a small amount of floor space in proportion to itsoutput. In my copending application filed May 19, 1917, as Serial No. 169655 I have shown and described a hog-dehairing and scraping machine in which the hogs are scraped by rotating scraper-carrying mei'nbers-while the hogs rest freely upon chain .conveyers.

lVhile possessing, a high output, this type of machine requires a nruchdarger floor space than some of the older types of dehairing machines, so that it cannot readily be substituted for the latter without expensive alterations in the buildings or without the providing of additional ground space; and where ground rents are high, the said type-of my copending application is likewise objectionable because of the space thus occupied. Moreover, since scrapers'ot' my previous machine canoperate on only one hog at a time, the capacity of this machine cannot be increased by the simultaneous or overlapping conveying of a number of hogs into the path of each beater. So also, since each hog is separately sprayed, the amount of water required for the rinsing (and hence the power for pumping the-same) is higher" than it would be if the same'rinsing water was used successively on a number of hogs before reaching the hair-separating screen.

In my present invention, I have aimed to overcome these objections by providing a machine which will occupy relatively small floor space and which therefore may easily be substituted for various older types of machines having a much smaller output; which will convey hogs past the same beater or scraper elements in a number of paths,

thereby increasing the output; and which will use the samerinsing water successively Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 2i Serial Flo-176,264.

upon the relatively clean hogs am. the less cleaned hogs following the same. Furthermore, my invention aims to provide a hog dehairing machine in whichtne dirt, scarf skin and hair are all removed from the hogs while the latter are freely suspended and gradually rotated, and in which all of this cleaning is effected by heating and scraping elements carried by .a single shaft. So also; my invention aims to provide a machine which will take a hog from a scalding tub on one floor past s, series of heaters and through rinsing .means, and which will automatically deliver it on another 'fioor. Further objects at my invention are to provide a single vertical shaft carrying all of the beater and scraper elements and also carrying means forrotating the hogs; to provide means for limiting the movement or each hog both radially outward of the shaft and in otlier directions; to provide simple and effective means for separating the hair from the rins mg water, and simple means for preventing an accidentally detached hog from damaging the hair-separating mechanism; to provide a simple and positive drive for the beating, hair-separating and hog-conveying mechanism, and to provide simple mechamsm for conveying the hogs. a

Still other objects will appear hereafter.

Figure l is a central longitudinal section through the main portion of a machine embodying the same, with certain portions broken away.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken alon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a similar section taken along the line 33.

Fig. -l is a side elevation or the machine with portions of the housingomitted.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through a portion of the housing, *ith the shaft and the elements carried thereby omitted, showing the method or" automatically delivering thevhogs to the delivery rails.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken along the line 66 of Fig. l. l

Fig. 7' is a detail of one of the conveyer chains, showing one of the studs for receiving the hog-holding hooks.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary View of a twin swivel hook suitable for use with the chine of my invention.

Fig. 9 is a transverse plan View '5 the cars ing showing the co-action of the heaters and the webs.

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the distances between the shaft and the cas ing, and between the Webs 33 and the vertical riser portion of each chain, It can easily afiord such a resistance to the thrust ofthe scraper-carrying members 2 as will enable the scrapers 3 upon. the latter to WOIk effectively, thus removing not only the hair but also the scurf .skin and the black dirt and preparing the skin for the pickling. At the same time, the swiveling of the hog upon its support-Will permit it to rotate about an approximately longitudinal axis, and the flanges 5 cooperate with the members 2 and 3 in compelling the hog to rotate, so that no portion of its skin can escape the treatment. By using two chains, I can keep one man busy attaching the hogs alternately to one and the other of the chains, thus keeping all of the beating and scraping elements continuously busy and thereby securing a high hourly output for the machine. So also,

since the rotating elements 2 keep striking the dripping Water, they will. splash this against the hogs both directly and by re tlcction from the Wall of the casing 8, so that I secure the effect of a forcible spraying Without requiring a high pressure pump. At the same time, it will be obvious that by mounting all of the rotating beating and scraping elements on the single vertical shaft, 1 not only simplify the mechanism greatly as compared with that of former constructions but also reduce the floor space. tonsequently, I am able to build a machine which may readily be installed in place of existing machines of old types, and which affords a greatly increased out-putn'ith relatively little cost for attendance and power.

liloreover, it will be evident from Fig. 5 that the skin-treating elements Will be pressed more iirmly against large ho s than against small ones, thereby automatically compensating for the differences in size Without requiring any sorting of changes in speed, or stopping and starting of the machine. In other Words, the hogs .when taken just as they happen tO CODJQ Will be positively and automatically fed through the machine, scraped and rinsed While in transit, and automatically fed upon the delivery rails.

However, while I have pictured inyinveir tion in an embodiment having just two conveyer chains and having the hogs suspended by three'pronged hooks, I do not Wish to be limited to these or other details of the coni struction and arrangement here disclosed, it

being obvious that the same might be modified in many "Ways Without departing from the spirit of inyqinvention.

I claim as my-invention:

1. in a hog dehairing machine, a shaft, a

plurality of scraper members carried by the shaift and distributed longitudinally thereof, means for rotating the shaft, and means conveying hogs past all t s in a plurality of separa' e to the axis of the h it and with respect to the "bait, the strains on the shaft.

2. In a hog dehairing machine as er claim 1, means associated with the conve carried by the shaft,

in a hog dehairing machine p-e: claim 1, collars on the shaft ada ted to engage the hogs audto rotate the hog" by frictional engageme twith the 1 6.111 a. hog dehairing niaehpii, a rotating shaft, av plurality oi scraper members carried by the shaft and spaced longiiieans indeper lent ct tudmally thereon, gravity for conveying a hog in a stantially parallel with the a and past all the said scrai a member immovable iii cans for limiting the ment of the hog in direetioi'is radicll Ward from said axis.

7. in a deli iring ma tilting a pl y of scraper carried by the shalt and spaced 1 nally thereon, .nieans' independent 0 ity for conveying a hog in a path su tially parallel with the axis of the shaft and past; all 'th i movable in oi the hog i c 8. In a toting shait, I carried by the shat nally thereon, means for conveying a hog in a path substantially parallel with the axis of the shaft and pas all the said scraper members, and a substantially cylindrical immovable axial with the shaft and disposed for limiting the movement of the hog radially outward from the axis of the shaft.

9. In a hog dehairing machine, a rotating shaft, a plurality of scraper members carried by the, shaft and spaced longitudinally thereon, means independent of gravfor conveying a'hog in pathsubhtan ially parallel With the axis of the shaft and past all the said scraper members, and a substantially cylindrical easing coaxial with the shaft a recasing 00- disposed for limiting the ,itlependent of gravity 

